Steve Jobs born, pioneering personal computers (1955), and Egyptian premier Ahmad Mahir Pasha assassinated in Parliament (1945). Born on this day: Steve Jobs, Ibn Battuta and Clement VIII. Died: Henry Cavendish, Nikolay Ivanovich Lobachevsky and Claude Shannon.
32 events, 85 births and 68 deaths on this date.
Steve Jobs was born in San Francisco and adopted soon after. He later co-founded Apple and helped make the graphical interface and mouse-driven computing mainstream with machines like the Macintosh.
MetalGearLiquid , based on File:Steve_Jobs_Headshot_2010-CROP.jpg made by Matt Yohe · CC BY-SA 3.0Steve Jobs and the Birth of AppleHear the story in ChunksAhmad Mahir Pasha, Egypt's prime minister, was shot dead in the chamber of Parliament just after he finished reading a royal decree declaring war on the Axis powers. His killing, by a young nationalist, deepened the political turmoil that marked the country's final years under British influence.
Congress carved the Arizona Territory out of New Mexico Territory, separating the western lands from the east. The new territory was formed from land Mexico had ceded in 1848 and the Gadsden Purchase of 1853.
Cuba's air force shot down two planes flown by Brothers to the Rescue, a Miami group that searched the Florida Straits for Cuban migrants at sea. The attack came over international waters, sharpening a long standoff between Havana and Miami's exile community.
After 32 years, Castro stepped down as Cuba's president and head of government, though he kept leading the Communist Party until 2011. His resignation marked the end of an era that began with the 1959 revolution.
The pope's visit to Egypt was the first by a pontiff in modern times, and it came as part of the Great Jubilee celebrations marking two thousand years of Christianity. He spent three days in the country, a trip that drew attention to relations between Catholics and Muslims.
Unknown author Unknown author · CC BY 3.0 pl
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Born in San Francisco and adopted as a baby, Jobs co-founded Apple and helped bring the graphical interface and mouse-driven computing to everyday users. He later led Apple's return in the late 1990s and oversaw the iPod, iPhone and iPad.
MetalGearLiquid , based on File:Steve_Jobs_Headshot_2010-CROP.jpg made by Matt Yohe · CC BY-SA 3.0
Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan traveller from Tangier who journeyed across Africa, Asia and Iberia over three decades. His dictated account, the Rihla, remains one of the great travel books of the medieval world.
Ideophagous · CC BY-SA 4.0
Known as Ippolito Aldobrandini before his election, he led the Catholic Church from 1592 to 1605 and reconciled Henry IV of France to the faith. Some accounts credit him with an early taste for coffee.
Giuseppe Cesari · Public domain
Henry Cavendish was an English chemist and physicist, reclusive by nature, who identified hydrogen as a distinct gas. His carefully designed experiment to weigh the Earth also let later scientists calculate the gravitational constant.
George Wilson · Public domain
Lobachevsky was a Russian mathematician and university teacher who showed that a consistent geometry could exist without Euclid's parallel postulate. His hyperbolic geometry, sometimes called Lobachevskian geometry, was a radical break that reshaped how mathematicians thought about space.
Lev Kryukov · Public domain
Shannon was an American mathematician and engineer who gave information a precise mathematical meaning, a field now called information theory. His master's thesis showed that electrical switching circuits could be designed using Boolean algebra, the basis of modern digital computers.
Jacobs, Konrad · CC BY-SA 2.0 de
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