Ronald Reagan wins re-election over Walter Mondale in landslide (1984), and Canadian forces capture Passendale in Belgium (1917). Born on this day: Emma Stone, Sally Field and Charles II. Died: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Charles X and Gustavus Adolphus.
30 events, 54 births and 62 deaths on this date.
Reagan defeated Democrat Walter Mondale by a huge margin, winning 49 of the 50 states. The result gave him a second term to continue his conservative economic and Cold War policies.
Michael Evans · Public domainAfter three months of grinding fighting at Passchendaele, Canadian troops took the Belgian village of Passendale from German forces. The capture gave the Allies a hard-won foothold on a ridge that had cost enormous casualties on both sides.
Republican Benjamin Harrison beat the sitting Democrat Grover Cleveland by winning the Electoral College, even though Cleveland took more of the popular vote. Harrison served one term before Cleveland defeated him in the next election.
Pach Brothers · Public domain
Emperor Otto I gathered a council at St Peter's Basilica, where the clergy removed Pope John XII from office. The charges centred on an armed revolt against Otto, showing how much authority the emperor now claimed over Rome.
Artwork: Creators of the Chronicle of Bishop Otto of Freising ; Photo: AndreasPraefcke · Public domain
An earthquake smashed wide stretches of Constantinople's defences, toppling 57 of their towers. The damage struck the Theodosian walls, the double line of stone that had shielded the city from land attack.
The original uploader was -jha- at German Wikipedia . · CC BY-SA 3.0
Oglala Lakota leader Red Cloud signed the Treaty of Fort Laramie, bringing an end to the conflict he had led against the US Army. The agreement created the Great Sioux Reservation and set his people on the road to life on reserved land.
John Karl Hillers · Public domain
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American actress known for Easy A, La La Land and Poor Things, with two Academy Awards for Best Actress. She began on stage and television as a teenager before becoming one of the most recognised stars of her generation.
Gabriel Hutchinson · CC BY-SA 4.0
Sally Field is an American actress who won two Best Actress Oscars, for Norma Rae and Places in the Heart. She first became a familiar face on television, in the sitcoms Gidget and The Flying Nun.
Kevin Paul · CC BY 4.0
The last Habsburg king of Spain, he came to the throne as a small child and was often in poor health. His death without children set off the War of the Spanish Succession, which ran from 1701 to 1714.
Juan Carreño de Miranda · Public domain
Russian composer and conductor whose works, including Swan Lake, The Nutcracker and the 1812 Overture, remain among the most performed in the classical repertoire. Once trained for a civil service post, he studied at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory and became a leading Romantic composer.
Nikolai Kuznetsov · Public domain
Charles X was the last Bourbon king to rule France directly, remembered for his ultra-royalist politics and the July Ordinances that provoked the 1830 revolution that drove him from the throne. He died in exile in Gorizia, then part of the Austrian Empire.
Thomas Lawrence · Public domain
The Swedish king who turned Sweden into a major European power and is often called the first modern general. He was killed at the Battle of Lützen in 1632, a year after his great victory at Breitenfeld.
Presumably Jacob Hoefnagel · Public domain
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