Edward of Woodstock was born in 1330, the eldest son of King Edward III and heir to the English throne. He would become the greatest warrior of his age, a figure of legend. But the famous name he is known by today, the 'Black Prince,' was never used in his lifetime. The title was first recorded by historians over a century after his death. Its origins remain a mystery. Some theories suggest he wore black armor, while others point to a shield he used for tournaments, which bore white ostrich feathers on a black field. He was the first Prince of Wales to use the motto 'Ich Dien,' German for 'I serve.' His life would define the early years of the long conflict between England and France.
The Black Prince
The eldest son of King Edward III, Edward of Woodstock was a famed commander at Crécy and Poitiers who died before he could inherit the throne.
Chapter 1
The Boy Prince
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Frequently Asked Questions
Why was Edward of Woodstock called the Black Prince?
The name 'Black Prince' was never used during his lifetime. It first appeared in the 16th century, and its origin is uncertain. Theories point to his black armor, his brutal reputation in France, or a black shield he used in tournaments.
What was the Black Prince's most famous victory?
His most famous victories were at Crécy in 1346 and Poitiers in 1356. At Poitiers, he achieved the rare feat of capturing the enemy king, John II of France, on the battlefield, leading to a massive ransom and major territorial gains for England.
Did the Black Prince ever become King of England?
No, he did not. Edward fell ill after a campaign in Spain and suffered from a wasting disease for a decade. He died in 1376, one year before his father, King Edward III, making him the first Prince of Wales to never inherit the throne.
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