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Lost Cities of the Amazon
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Lost Cities of the Amazon

Lost Cities of the Amazon

LIDAR found over 6,000 ancient platforms hidden beneath Ecuador's rainforest canopy.

Chapter 1

The Vanishing of Percy Fawcett

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In 1925, British Army officer Percy Fawcett rode into Brazil's Mato Grosso region, hunting a lost city he called Z. Since 1906 he had surveyed the Amazon's borders for the Royal Geographical Society, and indigenous accounts alongside old Portuguese documents convinced him that ceramic shards and earthworks he had seen were proof of a sophisticated civilization buried beneath the canopy. Most scientists of his day dismissed the notion outright, certain the rainforest could never hide anything so complex. Fawcett pressed on regardless, joined by his son Jack and their friend Raleigh Rimell. His final letter home was sent from a camp he had named Dead Horse Camp. After that, silence. No bodies, no trail, no city was ever found, and the three men vanished into the forest for good. Their disappearance became one of the twentieth century's most famous unsolved exploration mysteries, and decades later it became the basis for David Grann's 2009 book, The Lost City of Z.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is LIDAR and how did it help find lost Amazon cities?

LIDAR is a laser-based scanning technology flown by aircraft or helicopter that can measure the ground surface beneath dense forest canopy. By digitally stripping away tree cover, researchers in Ecuador and Bolivia revealed thousands of earthen platforms, roads, and pyramids invisible from the ground.

Who was Percy Fawcett and what happened to him?

Percy Fawcett was a British Army officer who had surveyed Amazon borders for the Royal Geographical Society since 1906. In 1925 he set out with his son Jack and their friend Raleigh Rimell to find a city he called Z, and all three vanished without a trace after sending a final letter from Dead Horse Camp.

How many ancient earthworks are believed to remain hidden in the Amazon?

A 2023 study led by Vinicius Peripato of Brazil's National Institute for Space Research modeled that between roughly 10,270 and 23,650 additional earthworks remain undiscovered across the Amazon basin. At the time, fewer than 9% of the estimated total had actually been found.

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