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Benjamin Franklin: Lightning, Liberty, and Contradiction

From runaway apprentice to revered diplomat, Benjamin Franklin's life saw him tame lightning and champion liberty, even while owning slaves.

Chapter 1

The Runaway

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On October 6, 1723, a seventeen-year-old Benjamin Franklin arrived in Philadelphia. He was a runaway, having fled an apprenticeship with his brother in Boston. He landed at the Market Street Wharf with almost no money, just one Dutch dollar and a shilling in copper. Famously, he walked to a bakery on Second Street and spent three pennies on 'three great puffy rolls.' A young woman named Deborah Read saw him walking down the street, a roll under each arm while eating the third. She later recalled that he looked 'awkward' and 'ridiculous.' Franklin, unaware of his future wife's first impression, gave his two extra rolls to a woman and child who had shared his boat journey. From these humble beginnings, his new life began.

Frequently Asked Questions

What was Benjamin Franklin's famous kite experiment for?

In June 1752, Benjamin Franklin conducted his kite experiment to prove that lightning was a form of electricity. By flying a kite with a metal key attached into a storm, he drew a spark from the key, confirming that storm clouds carry an electrical charge.

Did Benjamin Franklin invent the lightning rod?

Yes, following his electrical discoveries, Franklin invented the lightning rod to protect buildings from fires caused by lightning. He published the design in his 'Poor Richard's Almanack' in 1753, detailing how a pointed metal rod connected to the ground could safely discharge electricity.

Was Benjamin Franklin an abolitionist?

While Franklin was a slaveholder for much of his life, he became a prominent abolitionist in his later years. He served as president of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society and, in 1790, petitioned the U.S. Congress to abolish slavery entirely.

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